DDD for Freight domain

Bounded Contexts (DDD Strategic View)

Freight is its own bounded context with links to:
- Trading (freight cost part of landed price, arbitrage)
- Risk Management (hedging freight exposure with FFAs)
- Operations (scheduling, demurrage, voyage execution)
- Finance (settlements, invoices, claims)

@startuml
!include <C4/C4_Context>

LAYOUT_LEFT_RIGHT()

Person(trader, "Trader", "Executes commodity and freight trades")
Person(ops, "Operations", "Manages logistics, shipping, demurrage")
Person(risk, "Risk Manager", "Hedges freight exposure, monitors PnL")

System_Boundary(domain, "Commodities Trading Domain") {
  System_BC(trading, "Trading", "Capture commodity trades, link to freight")
  System_BC(freight, "Freight", "Chartering, freight contracts, FFA hedging, demurrage")
  System_BC(riskmgt, "Risk Management", "Market risk, freight exposure, FFA hedges")
  System_BC(opsbc, "Operations", "Vessel tracking, scheduling, port operations")
  System_BC(finance, "Finance", "Freight settlements, invoices, claims")
}

Rel(trader, trading, "Executes trades")
Rel(trader, freight, "Negotiates freight deals")
Rel(ops, freight, "Manages chartering, voyage execution")
Rel(risk, riskmgt, "Monitors freight risk")

Rel(trading, freight, "Links commodity trades with freight costs")
Rel(freight, riskmgt, "Exposes freight positions, FFA hedges")
Rel(freight, opsbc, "Shares vessel schedules, demurrage data")
Rel(freight, finance, "Invoices, settlements, claims")
@enduml

Freight Internal Subdomains (DDD Tactical View)

• Chartering (voyage/time charters, CoAs)
• Freight Derivatives (FFAs, swaps, hedging)
• Demurrage & Claims (laytime disputes, penalties)
• Voyage Operations (vessel tracking, bunkering, port calls)
• Integration Services (Baltic Exchange, AIS, weather)

@startuml
!include <C4/C4_Context>
!include <C4/C4_Container>

LAYOUT_LEFT_RIGHT()

System_Boundary(freight, "Freight Bounded Context") {
  Container(chartering, "Chartering", "Subdomain", "Manage charter agreements")
  Container(derivatives, "Freight Derivatives", "Subdomain", "FFAs, swaps, hedging freight exposure")
  Container(demurrage, "Demurrage & Claims", "Subdomain", "Laytime, disputes, claims settlement")
  Container(voyage, "Voyage Operations", "Subdomain", "Vessel tracking, bunkering, port calls")
  Container(integration, "Integration Services", "Subdomain", "External data: Baltic Exchange, AIS")
}

Rel(chartering, voyage, "Passes charter details for execution")
Rel(chartering, demurrage, "Feeds laytime terms for demurrage calculation")
Rel(derivatives, chartering, "Hedges charter exposure")
Rel(demurrage, integration, "Validates port/terminal delays")
Rel(voyage, integration, "Receives vessel tracking, congestion, weather")
Rel(derivatives, integration, "Receives market indices (Baltic Exchange)")
@enduml

Domain Model (Entities & Aggregates)

Key aggregates:
- CharterParty, Voyage, DemurrageClaim, FFAContract
Supporting entities: Vessel, Cargo, Port, PortCall, BalticIndex

@startuml
hide circle
hide methods
skinparam linetype ortho

package "Freight Domain Model" {
  class CharterParty {
    +id: CharterPartyId
    +type: CharterType (Voyage, Time, CoA)
    +cargo: Cargo
    +laycan: DateRange
    +freightRate: Money
  }

  class Vessel {
    +imoNumber: String
    +name: String
    +type: VesselType
    +capacity: Tonnage
  }

  class Voyage {
    +id: VoyageId
    +vessel: Vessel
    +route: Route
    +bunkers: FuelConsumption
    +status: VoyageStatus
  }

  class DemurrageClaim {
    +id: ClaimId
    +charterParty: CharterParty
    +laytimeAllowed: Duration
    +laytimeUsed: Duration
    +amount: Money
    +status: ClaimStatus
  }

  class FFAContract {
    +id: ContractId
    +route: BalticRoute
    +settlementIndex: BalticIndex
    +lotSize: Int
    +price: Money
    +settlementDate: Date
  }

  class BalticIndex {
    +name: String
    +value: Decimal
    +publicationDate: Date
  }

  class PortCall {
    +port: Port
    +eta: DateTime
    +etd: DateTime
    +status: PortStatus
  }

  class Cargo {
    +commodity: String
    +quantity: Tonnage
    +loadingPort: Port
    +dischargePort: Port
  }

  class Port {
    +name: String
    +country: String
    +unlocode: String
  }

  CharterParty "1" o-- "1" Cargo
  CharterParty "1" o-- "1" Vessel
  Voyage "1" o-- "1" Vessel
  Voyage "1" o-- "*" PortCall
  DemurrageClaim "1" o-- "1" CharterParty
  FFAContract "*" --> "1" BalticIndex
}
@enduml

Cross-Context Relationships

@startuml
hide circle
hide methods
skinparam linetype ortho

package "Trading BC" {
  class CommodityTrade {
    +id: TradeId
    +commodity: String
    +quantity: Tonnage
    +price: Money
    +incoterm: Incoterm
    +status: TradeStatus
  }
  class TradeShipment {
    +id: ShipmentId
    +linkedTrade: CommodityTrade
    +freight: CharterParty
  }
}

package "Freight BC" {
  class CharterParty { +id: CharterPartyId }
  class Voyage { +id: VoyageId }
  class DemurrageClaim { +id: ClaimId }
  class FFAContract { +id: ContractId }
}

package "Risk BC" {
  class MarketExposure { +id: ExposureId }
  class FreightExposure { +id: ExposureId }
  class Hedge { +id: HedgeId }
}

CommodityTrade "1" --> "0..*" TradeShipment
TradeShipment "1" --> "1" CharterParty : "uses"
Voyage "1" o-- "1" CharterParty
DemurrageClaim "0..*" --> "1" CharterParty
FFAContract --> FreightExposure : "creates MTM exposure"
FreightExposure --> Hedge : "is hedged by"
MarketExposure --> Hedge : "is hedged by"
@enduml